In the wake of the flash floods in Nepal, the Animal and Fisheries Resources Department of Bihar has issued a warning against the purchase, sale, or consumption of fish retrieved from flood-affected waters. A recent message on their X account stated, “Fish contaminated, advised to avoid eating.”
What are the implications of consuming such fish? Experts provide insights.
NOTE: This article draws on publicly available information and expert opinions. It is advisable to consult a healthcare professional before making any dietary changes.
Flood events can obliterate the natural barriers between rivers, ponds, drainage systems, and sewage channels. As a result, “fish can be carried into waters tainted with sewage, animal waste, deceased animals, and various pollutants. Consequently, these fish may harbor microorganisms that are typically absent from their usual environments. The primary concern lies not with the fish itself as a food source, but with the contaminated environment they have inhabited. It is prudent to refrain from consuming them until the water bodies are restored to normal conditions and deemed safe by the relevant authorities,” warned Dr. Saiprasad Girish Lad, a consultant gastroenterologist at Wockhardt Hospitals in Mumbai Central.
Recent floods have brought thousands of scavenger fish, known locally as Goonch Catfish, from the Trishuli River into Bihar. These sizable, lethargic fish inhabit areas near cremation sites along the riverbank and feed on partially cremated bodies.
Dr. Shankar Zanwar, a senior consultant gastroenterologist at Gleneagles Hospital in Mumbai, agreed, noting that fish sourced from contaminated waters may not exhibit any discernible differences in appearance, odor, or taste, making it challenging for consumers to assess their safety.
The immediate risk associated with such fish is foodborne illness. “Depending on the contaminants present, individuals may experience symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, or fever. In severe cases, foodborne illnesses can lead to significant dehydration, particularly in vulnerable populations like children, the elderly, and individuals with pre-existing health conditions. Delayed treatment for bacterial and viral infections can also exacerbate health issues,” stated Dr. Lad.
The Dairy, Fisheries, and Animal Resources Department has issued a caution regarding fish arriving in Bihar from Nepal, advising residents against consuming any fish that appears unusual or abnormal, as it may pose health risks.
Dr. Zanwar added that contaminated food could lead to severe foodborne infections, particularly affecting young children, older adults, and those with compromised immune systems. “Floodwaters can also contain hazardous chemical pollutants that may accumulate in fish,” he noted.
According to Dr. Lad, cooking can mitigate the risks posed by certain bacteria and parasites; however, it should not be viewed as a foolproof method of ensuring safety when the source of the fish is uncertain. “Contamination can also occur during handling, cleaning, and preparation. Therefore, if the fish has been sourced from floodwaters or appears unfamiliar, it is safest to avoid consuming it altogether,” Dr. Lad advised.
Dr. Zanwar reiterated that while cooking can eliminate many pathogens, it does not necessarily eliminate all chemical contaminants or toxins. “Thus, washing or thoroughly cooking fish obtained from contaminated floodwaters does not guarantee its safety,” he emphasized.
There is no need for alarm if an individual feels well; however, they should remain vigilant for symptoms such as persistent vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, fever, dizziness, or difficulty breathing. “Chronic vomiting or diarrhea can result in dehydration and requires medical intervention. Anyone experiencing significant or unusual symptoms after consuming such fish should seek medical advice rather than resorting to self-medication,” Dr. Lad advised.
NOTE: This article contains information from public sources and expert consultations. Always consult a health professional before making any changes to your dietary habits.
